Improvement in linings for refrigerator-cars



J'. M. AYER.

LNING FR REFRIGE'RATOR CARS. ,N0V 184'028 Patented Nov'. '7. 1876.

QQ/LQ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. AYER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

y IMPROVEMENT IN LININGS FOR REFRlGERATOR-CARS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 184.028, dated November 7, 1876; application led September 2d, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN M. AYER, of the city of Chicago, in the county-or` Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Linings for Refrigerator-Cars and Stationary Refrigerators, applicable also to roofs in general; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specifica.

Vtion.

The object of my invention is to provide a lining for refrigeratorcars and stationary refrigerators, and also for roofs in general, which lining shall be at once light, durable, impervious to moisture, a non-conductorof heat, and convenient for transportation and application; and it consists in joining together, surface to surface, by means of cement, rivets, or otherwise, a layer of indiarubber, (which may be pure rubber'sheathin g or any one of the materials termed rubber packing,) and a layer of thick paper or of pasteboard, paper-board, straw-board, or any likev paper product, all as hereinafter more fully set forth.

The accompanying drawing represents a perspective view of a piece of my improved lining.

A is a layer of india-rubber, and B the layer of pasteboard, straw-board, or the like.

In preparing the lining, I preferably coat the surfaces to be joined withf cement, (having previously ronghened that of the pasteboard, or whichever other ot' the above-mentioned materials that may be employed, in any suitable way, say by scratching or chafing,) lay the materials one upon the other in suitable manner, and then pass them between rollers, or subject them to other pressure, whereby all parts of their respective surfaces are brought into intimate contact and caused closely to cohere.

I do not limit myself to this mode of preparation, however, since it is obvious that the layers may be fastened together by meansof rivets, or simply laid vone upon the other and nailed in position.

When it is desirable that the paper or straw `material aforesaid shall be rendered waterproof, I cover the exposed surface with a thick coating of asbestus paint, as shown at C in the drawing; and in fact I deem a coating of mineral paint an advantageous addition in nearly all cases. Asbestus paint also renders it fire-proof to a considerable degree.

Among the advantages possessed by my lining are the following: First, it is composed of two of" the best non'conductors of heat known to science; secondly, while india-rubber is the better l10n-conductor of the two, and vastly the less pervious to moisture, pasteboard, paper-board, straw-board, and the like, on the other hand, possess some highly-de sirable properties which are absent in rubber, chief among which are their superior rigidity and hardness, by virtue of which they are the better adapted to form an innermost surface, especially when painted as above described; thirdly, of the two, the paper or straw material is far the cheaper, for which reason it is more economical to employ it in combination with indiarubber than to increase the thickness ot' the latter.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The lining herein described, consisting of a layer ot' pasteboard, paper-board, straw-board, or other paper product, and a layer of indiarubber sheathing, or the material termed rubber packing, joined together, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aftix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN M. AYER. Witnesses:

S. M. TURNER, E. T. PRINDLE. 

